Part A :
Question 1 - 10
Complete the notes below.
Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer.
Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.
Early history of keeping clean
Prehistoric times:
● water was used to wash off
Ancient Babylon
● soap-like material found in cylinders
Ancient Greece:
● people cleaned themselves with sand and other substances
● used a strigil – scraper made of
● washed clothes in streams
Ancient Germany and Gaul:
● used soap to colour their
Ancient Rome:
● animal fat, ashes and clay mixed through action of rain, used for washing clothes
● from about 312 BC, water carried to Roman by aqueducts
Europe in Middle Ages:
● decline in bathing contributed to occurrence of
● began to be added to soap
Europe from 17th century:
● 1600s: cleanliness and bathing started becoming usual
● 1791: Leblanc invented a way of making soda ash from
● early 1800s: Chevreul turned soapmaking into a
● from 1800s, there was no longer a on soap.
1. mud
2. clay
3. metal
4. hair
5. bath|baths
6. disease|diseases
7. perfume
8. salt
9. science
10. tax