Part A :
What did findings of previous research claim about the personality traits a child is likely to have because of their position in the family?
Choose SIX answers from the box and write the correct letter, A-H , next to Questions 21-26
Possible reasons
21 the eldest child 21
22 a middle child 22
23 the youngest child 23
24 a twin 24
25 an only child 25
26 a child with much older siblings 26
a outgoing
b selfish
c independent
d attention-seeking
e introverted
f co-operative
g caring
h competitive
Question 1 - 2
Choose the correct letter, A , B or C .
1 What do the speakers say about the evidence relating to birth order and academic success?
aThere is conflicting evidence about whether oldest children perform best in intelligence tests.
bThere is little doubt that birth order has less influence on academic achievement than socio-economic status.
c Some studies have neglected to include important factors such as family size.
2 What does Ruth think is surprising about the difference in oldest children's academic performance?
a It is mainly thanks to their roles as teachers for their younger siblings.
bThe advantages they have only lead to a slightly higher level of achievement.
cThe extra parental attention they receive at a young age makes little difference.
Question 1 -2
Choose TWO letters, A-E .
1-2 Which TWO experiences of sibling rivalry do the speakers agree has been valuable for them?
alearning to share
blearning to stand up for oneself
clearning to be a good loser
d learning to be tolerant
e learning to say sorry