Part A :

Well, you've both been looking at different styles of managing individuals, in companies and the workplace.

好，你一直都在看在公司和工作场所管理个人的不同风格。

How's the research going, Philip?

菲利普，这是怎么研究的?

Well, I've been looking at why individualism, I mean individual difference, are such an important area of management studies.

我一直在研究，为什么个人主义，我指的是个体差异，是管理学研究的重要领域。

When you think about any organization, be it a family business or a multinational company, they are all fundamentally a group of people working together.

当你想到任何一个组织，无论是家族企业还是跨国公司，他们都是一群工作在一起的人。

But it's what these individuals contribute to their places of work that makes you realize how important they are.

但这是这些人对他们的工作的贡献，使你意识到他们是多么的重要。

Of course they bring different ideas, but it's also their attitudes and their experiences of learning.

当然，他们带来不同的想法，还有他们的态度和学习经验。

Diversity is important in these areas too.

多样性在这些领域也很重要。

So why do people behave so differently from one another at work?

为什么人们在工作中表现得如此不同?

There are lots of reasons, but research has shown a lot of it comes down to personality.

研究已经显示出了许多原因归结为个性。

And the other factor is gender.

另一因素是性别。

It's a well-known fact that men and women do lots of things in different ways,and the workplace is no different.

这是一个众所周知的事实，男人和女人做很多事情在不同的方式，和工作场所没有什么关系。

Did you look at the effects of this variation on companies?

你有没有看到这区别化对公司的影响。

Yes, I did.

是的，我做了。

On the positive side, exposure to such diversity helps encourage creativity which is generally an asset to a company.

在积极的一面，接触到这种多样性有助于鼓励创造性，这总的来说是一个公司的资产。

But unfortunately individual differences are also the root of conflict between staff and they can lead to difficulties for management, which can sometimes be serious.

但不幸的是，个体差异也是员工之间冲突的根源，它可能会导致管理困难，有时会比较严重。

Part B :

Thanks, Philip.

谢谢，菲利普。

So now I guess the two main things to remember here are to identify individual talent and then to utilize it.

所以，现在这两个主要的事情要记住，要找出个人才能，然后去运用它。

So Janice, you were looking at identifying different talents in workers.

所以，珍妮丝，你是在工人中寻找不同的人才。

Do you think this is easy for managers to do?

你认为这对于管理者来说难做到吗?

Well, currently teamwork is in fashion in the workplace and in my opinion the importance of the individual is generally neglected.

嗯，在我看来，目前在工作场所，团队工作中个人的重要性被普遍忽略了。

What managers should be targeting is those employees who can take the lead in a situation and are not afraid to accept the idea of responsibility.

管理者应该寻找的是那些能起带头作用，又不怕担负责任的员工。

That's true.

这是对的

Janice but unfortunately many managers think the entire notion of encouraging individuality amongst their staff is far too hard.

珍妮丝，但不幸的是，许多管理者认为，在他们的工作人员之间鼓励个性的概念是太难了。

Yes.

是的，

That may be true but I think one of the most important tasks of managers is to consider the needs of the individual on one hand and group co-operation and conformity on the other.

这也许是真的，但我认为管理者的重要任务之一是考虑个人的需求，一方面是团队合作。

It requires creative thinking on the part of management to avoid tension.

另一方面它需要创造性思维，以避免紧张的管理。

So Janice, what kind of people do you think companies should be looking for?

那么珍妮丝，你认为公司应该找什么样的人?

Well, it has to start from the very beginning when companies are looking for new employees.

好吧，首先，要从公司寻找新的员工的时候开始。

When the personal department is choosing between applicants they need to look for someone who's broken the mould and can think for themselves.

人事部在申请者之间选择时，他们需要寻找一个打破常规，并能为他们自己思考的人。

Instead, people making these decisions often use a range of psychological tests to see if a person is a problem solver, or will do as they're told.

相反，人们经常使用一系列的心理测试来发现一个人是否是一个问题解决者，或者说，他们去做被要求的事情。

I'm not convinced these qualities are actually the most important.

我不认为这些品质是最重要的。

So do you think being a good team player is overrated?

所以你认为做一个好的团队合作者是被高估了?

No, It's not overrated.

不，它没被高估。

You do need to learn the rules and learn them fast.

你需要学习规则并且快速学习。

No individual can get around this if you're working in an organization.

在一个组织中工作，任何个人都无法绕过这项。

So how should managers deal with this?

那么，管理者如何处理这些?

Rewards. When an individual demonstrates, the behaviour the organisation expects, some kind of incentive can be given.

奖励。当一个人演示了组织所期望的行为时，某种激励可以被给予。

What's important here is that this happens right at the beginning, so new recruits learn the rules of the system immediately.

重要的是，在刚开始的时候就去这样做，所以新的员工立即学习了系统的规则。

Also the incentive should be something the individual actually wants, and this isn't always just money.

而且，激励应该是个人真正想要的东西，并不需要总是金钱。

To come back to you, Philip.

回到你刚才说的，菲利普。

You were saying that recognition of good performers is essential.

你是说对优秀员工的认可是至关重要的。

What else should managers be looking for?

经理还有什么要做的?

Well, managing people means you not only have an understanding of your employees, but you also recognise the culture of the organization.

好吧，管理人意味着你不仅对你的员工有了解，而且你也认识到组织的文化。

In fact, for some organizations creativity and individuality may be the last thing they want to see during working hours.

事实上，对于一些组织来说，员工的创造力和个性，可能是他们在工作时间最不想看到的事情!

Very true.

非常对。

Yes, but managing people isn't as easy as it looks.

是的，但管理人并不像看起来那么容易。

For example, change in the workplace can be quite tricky, especially if there's a need to increase profit.

例如，工作场所的变化可能会是相当棘手的，特别是如果需要提高利润。

And at times like these managers may have to give priority to profit rather than individual staff needs.

有时，这些管理者们可能会优先考虑利润而不是员工的个人需求。

Yes, and that creates difficult situations for people.

是的，这是困难的局面。

Yes, but what's important is that managers are able to deal with quite high levels of personal stress.

是的，但重要的是，管理者需要能够处理比较高的个人压力。

During times of change they should be thinking not only about the strain on their staff but take time out to think of themselves.

在变化的时代，他们应该不仅要考虑他们的工作人员的压力，也需要时间去思考自己。

Absolutely. So what are the implications of that for...

是的。那么，什么是对…