Question 1
正确答案: D
题干关键词:early timekeeping invention(早期计时器), cold temperatures(低温)
原文定位:D段最后1句“Although these devices performed satisfactorily around the Mediterranean, they could not always be depended on in the cloudy and often freezing weather of northern Europe.”(尽管这些装置在地中海地区十分好用,但在多云并常有严寒天气的欧洲北部却不能一直使用)。
解析:全文只有该句中提及低温。题干中描述的内容与之相符,所以答案是D。
Question 2
正确答案: B
题干关键词:geography(地理), development of the calendar(日历的发展), farming communities(农耕社区)
原文定位:B段举例内容
解析:该段一共五句话,从第二句开始每一句话都介绍了一个地理位置的变化对calendar的影响。分别是:“And, for those living near the equator in particular,”(尤其对于赤道附近的居民而言,)“...Hence, the calendars that were developed at the lower latitudes,”(因此,低纬度地区日历的形成更多受到月运周期的影响,)“...In more northern climes, however,...”(然而,在践行季节性农业的更偏北的气候带)“As the Roman Empire expanded northward, ...”(随着罗马帝国向北扩张,),故与题干内容相对应的段落为B段。
Question 3
正确答案: F
题干关键词:pendulum clock(摆钟), origins(滥觞)
原文定位:F段最后1句“By the 16th century, a pendulum clock had been devised, but the pendulum swung in a large arc and thus was not very efficient.”(到了16世纪,人们发明了摆钟。但由于钟摆摆动弧度很大,因此并不十分有效)。
解析:定位到的原句中devised意为“发明”,与题干中的origins对应,故答案为F段。
Question 4
正确答案: E
题干关键词:simultaneous efforts(同时努力), different societies(不同的社会), uniform hours(均匀的时间)
原文定位:E段第3句“The schemes that divided the day into 24 equal parts varied according to the start of the count: Italian hours began at sunset, Babylonian hours at sunrise, astronomical hours at midday and 'great clock' hours, used for some large public clocks in Germany, at midnight.”(人们计划将一天分为24个等份,而这些计划因为计时起点的不同而不同:意大利时间从日落开始算起,巴比伦时间从日出开始,天文学时间从中午开始,而德国一些大型公共时钟使用的‘大钟’时间从午夜开始算起)
解析:原文中的24 equal parts与题目中的 uniform hours 相对应, 本段中提到的各具体国家对应题目中的 different societies,故答案为E段。
Question 5
正确答案: B
题干关键词:civil calendar(民用日历), months(月份), equal(相等的)
原文定位:C段第1句“Centuries before the Roman Empire, the Egyptians had formulated a municipal calendar having 12 months of 30 days, with five days added to approximate the solar year.”(早在罗马帝国建立几个世纪以前,埃及人就已制定了市政日历,规定一年有12个月,每月有30天,此外还有5天用来补充一个近似回归年。)。
解析:题干中的 months were equal in length 对应原文中的 12 months of 30 days,题干中的civil calendar对应文章中的 municipal calendar,由原文可知,这项发明是 Egyptians完成的,故答案选B。
Question 6
正确答案: F
题干关键词:day(一天), two equal halves(两个相等的部分)
原文定位:E段最后1句 “...or French hours, which split the day into two 12-hour periods … ”(...即法国时间所取代,它将一天分成两个12小时时段,...)。
解析:题目中的 divide the day into two equal halves 对应文章中的 split the day into two 12-hour periods, 具体指的是 French hours,和选项对应可知选F项。
Question 7
正确答案: D
题干关键词:new cabinet shape(新的柜子的造型)
原文定位:G段最后一句 “...and thus led to the development of a new floor-standing case design, which became known as the grandfather clock.”(从而引发了新型落地柜式造型的开发,也就是落地摆钟)。
解析:原句中的floor-standing case design就对应着cabinet shape,且该段第一行就出现了England这个代表国家的词汇。所以答案为D。
Question 8
正确答案: A
题干关键词:organise(组织), public events(公共事务)
原文定位:A段第1句“..the Babylonians began to measure time, introducing calendars to co-ordinate communal activities, to plan the shipment of goods and, in particular, to regulate planting and harvesting.”(巴比伦人就开始测量时间,他们引进日历来统筹公共活动,计划货物装运,特别是管控作物种植和收割。)。
解析:题目中的 organize public events 对应原文中的 co-ordinate communal activities,题目中的work schedules 对应原文中的 the shipment of goods及planting and harvesting, 这些都是Babylonians 的所作所为,故答案为A。
Question 9
正确答案: anchor|ship's anchor|an anchor|the anchor anchor|ship's anchor|an anchor|the anchor
题干关键词:escapement(擒纵结构), resembling(类似于),题干大意为“”。
原文定位:G段第2行“escapement ”,定位到G段第2句 “It was called the anchor escapement, which was a lever-based device shaped like a ship's anchor. ”(该装置被称为锚型擒纵结构,以杠杆为基础,形状像一艘船的锚)。
解析:此句中的like对应resembling,由原句和题干比对,可知答案为(ship’s) anchor / (an/the) anchor。
Question 10
正确答案: wheel|escape wheel wheel|escape wheel
题干关键词:release each tooth(释放没一个齿), wheel(齿轮)
原文定位:G段第3句“The motion of a pendulum rocks this device so that it catches and then releases each tooth of the escape wheel, in turn allowing it to turn a precise amount.”(钟摆的动作对该设备产生振动,以使它抓紧而后释放擒纵机构棘轮装置的每一个齿,从而使得齿轮精确地旋转。)
解析:由图可知,本题要求找到该圆盘状物体的名称,故应有意识地寻找与该形状有关的词汇 ;另外此物体上有齿轮,这也可以作为答题线索。根据定位到的原文中 “...release each tooth of the escape wheel”可知,本题答案为 (escape) wheel。
Question 11
正确答案: tooth tooth
题干关键词:release(释放)
原文定位:G段第3句“The motion of a pendulum rocks this device so that it catches and then releases each tooth of the escape wheel, in turn allowing it to turn a precise amount.”(钟摆的动作对该设备产生振动,以使它抓紧而后释放擒纵机构棘轮装置的每一个齿,从而使得齿轮精确地旋转。)
解析:由图可知,本题要求找到圆盘物体的支出部分的名称。通过题干与原文的比对,可知本题答案为 tooth。
Question 12
正确答案: pendulum|long pendulum pendulum|long pendulum
题干关键词:beats(摆动), each(每)
原文定位:G段最后1句“Moreover, this invention allowed the use of a long pendulum which could beat once a second and thus led to the development of a new floor-standing case design, which became known as the grandfather clock.”(此外,这一发明使得摆钟可以使用长摆,一秒钟摆动一下,从而引发了新型落地柜式造型的开发,也就是落地摆钟。)
解析:由图可知,本题要求找到长形物体的名称, 且应发出 beat 的动作。同时,本题答案应为一个单数可数名词,可通过冠词帮助找到答案。通过定位到的原文可知本题答案为 (long) pendulum。
Question 13
正确答案: second second
题干关键词:beats(摆动), each(每)
原文定位:G段最后1句“Moreover, this invention allowed the use of a long pendulum which could beat once a second and thus led to the development of a new floor-standing case design, which became known as the grandfather clock.”(此外,这一发明使得摆钟可以使用长摆,一秒钟摆动一下,从而引发了新型落地柜式造型的开发,也就是落地摆钟)。
解析:此句中的once对应题干中的each, 通过定位到的原文可知本题答案为second。