Read the text below and answer questions 1-13.
Tea and the Industrial Revolution
A Cambridge professor says that a change in drinking habits was the reason for the Industrial Revolution in Britain. Anjana Ahuja reports
Questions 1-7
I. The search for the reasons for an increase in population
II. Industrialisation and the fear of unemployment
III. The development of cities in Japan
IV. The time and place of the Industrial Revolution
V. The cases of Holland, France and China
VI. Changes in Drinking habits in Britain
VII. Two keys to Britain's industrial revolution
VIII. Conditions required for industrialization
IX. Comparisons with Japan lead to the answer
我的答案： 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
正确答案： 1.IV 2.VIII 3.VII 4.I 5.VI 6.IX 7.II
查看解析
解析：
A 段中首先引入话题，提出Alan Macfarlane 教授致力于对工业革命的研究，之后使用了两个问句，一是为什么工业革命发生在英国，二是为什么工业革命发生在18世纪末？选项中只有 iv The time and place of the Industrial Revolution 能够概括本段的内容
解析：
B段中，Macfarlane将工业革命的发生比作密码锁，并表示需要大约20种不同的因素才能够引发工业革命。而本句中的factors 正是 vii 选项中 conditions的同义替换。在本段第三句中具体列举了一些工业革命发生所需要的因素：For industry to take off, there needs to be the technology and power to drive factories, large urban populations to provide cheap labour, easy transport to move goods around, an affluent middle-class willing to buy mass-produced objects, a market-driven economy and a political system that allows this to happen，这些关键要素都是vii 选项中 conditions 的具体体现。
解析：
C段首句写到了 missing factors，之后第二句很明确地指出 Tea and beer, two of the nation's favourite drinks, fuelled the revolution，说明 tea and beer 就是首句中的 missing factors，也就是促进工业革命出现的因素。
解析：
D段说到了英国18世纪中叶的一种现象，即1650年到1749年之间人口数量稳定，但之后出现了人口数量的激增。并且人们提出了四种可能的原因。本段内容与i选项的概括相一致，其中本段第四句的 population growth 与i选项 increase in population 含义一致，而第六句中的 possible causes 则对应选项中的reason
解析：
E 段提到了英国人的饮品习惯和疾病之间的关系，其中第六、七、八句写到英国人饮用啤酒，但之后随着费用的增加，穷人转而选择其他饮品，the poor turned to water and gin，这与vi 选项 Changes in drinking habits in Britain 的含义一致
解析：
F段开头便指出 Macfarlane关注日本的情况，并在随后的论述中对日本当时的情况进行了具体的描述，如 also developing large cities, also had no sanitation，随后 Macfarlane 进一步分析了英国人饮茶的历史背景并找到了英国与其他欧洲国家的差异，因此实际上是通过与日本的比较，最终得到结论，这与议选项的表述一致，即 Comparisons with Japan lead to the answer
解析：
G段提出为什么日本没有在工业革命中实现突破，并在第二句对具体原因进行了分析：Macfarlane notes that even though 17th-century Japan had large cities, high literacy rates, even a futures market, it had turned its back on the essence of any work-based revolution by giving up labour-saving devices such as animals, afraid that they would put people out of work. 从中可以看出，由于担心造成失业而放弃了节省劳动力的设备是重要原因，其中 afraid that they would put people out of work 与选项中的fear of unemployment 的同义替换。
Questions 8-13
8 China's transport system was not suitable for industry in the 18th century.
9 Tea and beer both helped to prevent dysentery in Britain.
10 Roy Porter disagrees with Professor Macfarlane's findings.
11 After 1740, there was a reduction in population in Britain.
12 People in Britain used to make beer at home.
13 The tax on malt indirectly caused a rise in the death rate.
我的答案： 8. TRUE 9. NOT GIVEN 10. TRUE 11. TRUE 12. TRUE 13. TRUE
正确答案： 8.NOT GIVEN 9.TRUE 10.FALSE 11.FALSE 12.NOT GIVEN 13.TRUE
查看解析
参考译文：在18世纪时，中国的交通运输系统不适合工业
定位词：China
本文中关于China的内容出现在原文B段，因此首先在B段中找到对应信息，然后判断有没有提及关于中国的交通运输系统是否适合工业的内容。通过阅读原文可以发现，并未提及这一信息，因此本题答案为NOT GIVEN。
参考译文：在英国茶和啤酒都有助于预防痢疾。
定位词：tea and beer
本文关于tea and beer的描述出现在原文C段，其中第三句话写到The antiseptic properties of tannin, the active ingredient in tea, and of hops in beer plus the fact that both are made with boiled water allowed urban communities to flourish at close quarters without succumbing to water borne diseases such as dysentery.也就是说茶和啤酒对于痢疾等疾病是有预防作用的，这与题目的表达相一致，因此本题答案为TRUE。
参考译文：Roy Porter不同意Macfarlane教授的发现。
定位词：Roy Porter, Macfarlane
本题出现了人名Roy Porter和Macfarlane,需要首先在原文中找到对应处。可以看到文章C段后半部分提到Macfarlane的推断虽然听上去有些古怪，但人们的态度从怀疑到接受，随后Roy Porter在本段未句出现: Macfarlane's case has been strengthened by support from notable quarters––Roy Porter, the distinguished medical historian, recently wrote a favourable appraisal of his research.他对于Macfarlane观点的态度是afavourable appraisal,说明其态度是非常赞同，这与题目中disagrees with相反。因此，本题答案为FALSE。
参考译文：在1740年之后，英国人口数量出现了减少。
本文D段中出现了1740， 因此需要首先阅读文中的内容，判断有关人口变化的问题是否提及，如果提及，是否人口如题目所言是减少的，原文中的表述为: Between about 1650 and 1740, the population in Britain was static. But then there was a burst in population growth.说明1650到1740年间人口是稳定的,随后人口数量出现了激增，这与题目中a reduction 相反。因此，本题答案是 FALSE。
参考译文：英国人曾经在家制作啤酒。
本题在11题之后，因此答案位置在D段中间部分之后，而第13题中关于tax on malt 的表述位于原文E段倒数第三行， 因此12题位于这部分之前， 在这个区域中，文中对应点关于英国人和beer主要出现在E段中下部分，通过阅读可以发现文中并未涉及英国人在什么地方制作啤酒的问题。因此，本题答案为NOT GIVEN。
参考译文：麦芽的税收间接引发了死亡率的上升。
定位词：tax on malt
本文E段倒数第三行出现了a tax was introduced on malt,通过对上下文的阅读我们可以看到，英国人由于长期以来饮用啤酒，受到了其中抗菌成分的保护，但随着啤酒文中对应点 中主要成分麦芽的税收有所增加，一些人转而饮用其他饮品，随后18世纪70年代时死亡率再次上升。说明由于税收的增加，导致饮品的改变，进而导致死亡率上升，因此可以说题目中的tax on malt间接引发了死亡率上升。因此，本题答案为TRUE。
Read the text below and answer questions 14-27.
Gifted children and learning
Questions 14-17
| A | B | C | D | E | F | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 14.a reference to the influence of the domestic background on the gifted child | ||||||
| 15.reference to what can be lost if learners are given too much guidance | ||||||
| 16.a reference to the damaging effects of anxiety | ||||||
| 17.examples of classroom techniques which favour socially-disadvantaged children |
我的答案： 14. A 15. A 16. A 17. A
正确答案： 14.A 15.D 16.F 17.D
查看解析
参考译文：提到家庭背景对有天赋的儿童的影响
定位词：domestic background
A段：For example, a very close positive relationship was found when children's IQ scores were compared with their home educational provision (Freeman, 2010). The higher the children's IQ scores, especially over IQ 130, the better the quality of their educational backup, measured in terms of reported verbal interactions with parents, number of books and activities in their home etc.例如，当儿童的智商分数与 家庭教育情况进行比较时，人们会发现一种非常密切的正相关(Freeman, 2010)。通过测量所报告的同父母间的言语交流、阅读数量和家庭活动等方面，儿童的智商分数越高，尤其是达到智商130以上的时候，他们得到救育保障的质量越好。本题问家庭环境的影响，在文章A段中有对该内容的表述，其中题目中domestic background在原文中的同义替换为home educational provision以及educational backup。因此本题答案为A。
参考译文：提到如果学习者获得过多指导，会失去哪些东西
定位词：lost, too much guidance
D段：Conversely, teachers who have a tendency to 'overdirect' can diminish their gifted pupils' learning autonomy. Although spoon-feeding' can produce extremely high examination| results, these are not always followed by equally impressive life successes Too much dependence on the teacher risks loss of autonomy and motivation to discover.相反地，倾向于“过分指导”的教师会减少有天赋儿童的学习自主性。尽管“填鸭式灌输”可以带来非常高的考试分数，但这并不总是伴随着之后同祥令人满意的生活上的成功。过于依赖老师存在自主性和探索的动机消失的风险。本题首先需要在原文中找到too much guidance,通过对文章的阅读，这一信息出现在文章D段，本段第二句和第四句的"overdirect"和Too much dependence on the teacher都分别表达了这一含义， 而两句话中diminish their gifted pupils' learning autonomy 和loss of autonomy and motivation 都表达了题目中what can be lost的含义。因此本题答案为D。
参考译文：提到焦虑的负面效果
定位词：damaging effects of anxiety
F段：Positive emotions facilitate the creative aspects of learning and negative emotions inhibit, Fear, for example, can limit the development of curiosity, which is a strong force in scientific advance, because it motivates problem-solving behaviour.积极情绪促进学习的创造性而消极情绪会抑制创造力。比如，好奇心是科学进步的重要动力，因为它会促进问题解决的行为，而害怕则会限制好奇心的发展。关于焦虑的负面效果，需要在文中找到关于anxiety的内容，并且此处同时出现关于其造成的负面影响。F段中第二句提到消极情绪会带来负面影响，随后以fear为例进行了具体说明，此处fear相当于题目中的anxiety。因此本题答案为F。
参考译文：关于课堂技术的例子，这些技术对落后社会的儿童有利
定位词：classroom techniques, socially disadvantaged children
D段：There are quite a number of new methods which can help, such as child-initiated learning, ability-peer tutoring, etc. Such practices have been found to be particularly useful for bright children from deprived areas. 有相当多新的有效方式，例如儿童发起的学习，同等能力辅导等。人们发现这类活动对于来自教育落后地区的聪明儿童文中对应点非常有效。本题问到关于classroom techniques的例子，在文章D段中，methods是对techniques的同义替换，而之后的child-initiated learning, ability-peer tutoring是具体的例子，之后的Such practices指代的也是以上具体的例子，本段尾句后半部分be particularly useful for bright children from deprived areas 是对题目中的which favour socially-disadvantaged children的同义替换。因此本题答案为D。
Questions 18-22
A. Freeman
B. Shore and Kanevsky
C. Elshout
D. Simonton
E. Boekaerts
18 Less time can be spend on exercises with gifted pupils who produce accurate work.18
19 Self-reliance is a valuable tool that helps gifted students reach their goals.19
20 Gifted children know how to channel their feelings to assist their learning.20
21 The very gifted child benefits from appropriate support from close relatives.21
22 Really successful students have learnt a considerable amount about their subject.22
我的答案： 18. 19. 20. 21. 22.
正确答案： 18.B 19.D 20.E 21.A 22.C
查看解析
译文：对于完成精确任务的有天赋的学生，可以花费更少的时间练习。
定位词：Less time, accurate work
本句表达的内容在原文C段出现，即'If they (the gifted) merely think more quickly, then we need only teach more quickly. If they merely make fewer errors, then we can shorten the practice.'此处的make fewer errors与题目中produce accurate work是同义替换，而文中less time can be spent on exercises 相当于文中shorten the practice,这部分内容是Shore和Kanevsky的观点。因此本题答案为B。
译文：自主性是一种有价值的工具，可以帮助有天赋的儿童达到他们的目标。
定位词：self-reliance
本题重点强调了self-reliance 的作用，在文章E段出现了相关的信息:Research with creative scientists by Simonton (1988) brought him to the conclusion that above a certain high level, characteristics such as independence seemed to contribute more to reaching the highest levels of expertise than intellectual skills, due to the great demands of effort and time needed for learning and practice,其中independence与题目中self-reliance是同义替换，对应人名Simonton。因此本题答案为D。
译文：有天赋的儿童知道如何运用自己的情绪来辅助他们的学习。
定位词：feelings, assist their learning
本题说到通过情绪来帮助学习，首先需要在文中找到相关的说法，关于通过情绪帮助学习的表述出现在文章结尾处: In Boekaerts' (1991) review of emotion in the learning of very high IQ and highly achieving children, she found emotional forces in harness. They were not only curious, but often had a strong desire to control their environment, improve their learning efficiency, and increase their own learning resources, 可见，情绪可以有助于学习效率的提高以及获取更多学习资源，此处对应的人名是Bockaerts。 因此本题答案为E。
译文：有天赋的儿童受益于亲属给予的适当支持。
定位词：support from close relatives
本题说到来自于亲属的支持，在原文第一段中出现了相关的内容，即For example, a very close positive relationship was found when children's IQ scores21were compared with their home educational provision (Freeman, 2010)，此处的home educational provision 即support from close relatives, 而在原文随后一句也提到了educational backup,这表达是Freeman的观点。因此本题答案为A。
译文：真正成功的学生已经学会大量关于他们专业的知识。
定位词：a considerable amount about their subject
本题提到关于a considerable amount about their subject的内容，因此需要在文章明确标注人名的观点处寻找与专业知识相关的内容，文中E段说到But scientific progress is not all theoretical, knowledge is also vital to outstanding performance: individuals who know a great deal about a specific domain will achieve at a higher level than those who do not (Elshout, 1995)，其中a great deal about a specific domain正是题目中a considerable amount about their subject的同义替换，对应人名选择答案即可。因此本题答案为C。
Questions 23-27
One study found a strong connection between children's IQ and the availability of and at home.
Children of average ability seem to need more direction from teachers because they do not have .
Metacognition involves children understanding their own learning strategies, as well as developing .
Teachers who rely on what is known as often produce sets of impressive grades in class tests.
我的答案： 23. 24. 25. 26. 27.
正确答案： 23.books,activities 24.books,activities 25.internal regulation|self-regulation 26.emotional awareness 27.spoon-feeding
查看解析
定位词：at home
A段：For example, a very close positiverelationship was found when children's IQ scores were compared with their home educational provision (Freeman,2010). The higher the children's IQ scores, especially over IQ ,130, the better the quality of their educational backup, measured in terms of reported verbalinteractions with parents, number of books and activities in their home etc.
本题问到儿童的智商分数和家庭中某些内容的联系，根据原文我们不难判断这一内容出现在原文A段，题目中的at home这一部分在原文中的对应内容是reported verbal interactions with parents, number of books and activities in their home etc.,而本题需要填人的是两个并列的名词,根据本句和原文句子在含义和内容上的对应，此题答案应为books和activities。
定位词：at home
A段：For example, a very close positiverelationship was found when children's IQ scores were compared with their home educational provision (Freeman,2010). The higher the children's IQ scores, especially over IQ ,130, the better the quality of their educational backup, measured in terms of reported verbalinteractions with parents, number of books and activities in their home etc.
本题问到儿童的智商分数和家庭中某些内容的联系，根据原文我们不难判断这一内容出现在原文A段，题目中的at home这一部分在原文中的对应内容是reported verbal interactions with parents, number of books and activities in their home etc.,而本题需要填人的是两个并列的名词,根据本句和原文句子在含义和内容上的对应，此题答案应为books和activities。
定位词：children of average ability
B段：There appears to be a qualitative difference in the way the intellectually highly able think, compared with more average ability or older pupils, for whom external regulation by the teacher often compensates for lack of internal regulation.
本题问能力一般的儿童需要来自教师的更多指导是因为他们缺少什么，原文中关于children of average ability 的内容出现在B段，从对应位置来看，由于缺少internal regulation (也就是之more direction older pupils, for whom external regulation 后提到的self-regulation) ，这些儿童更需要老师给予external regulation,因此本题答案为internal regulation/self-regulation。
定位词：Metacognition
B段：To be at their most effective in their self-regulation, all children can be helped to identify their own ways of learning metacognition which will include strategies of planning, monitoring, evaluation, and choice of what to learn. Emotional awareness is also part of metacognition, so children should behelped to be aware of their feelings around the area to be learned, feelings of curiosity or confidence, for example.
本题问的是metacognition包括什么，其中出现了并列结构as well as,并且已经给出了并列的两个内容中的一个, 即understanding their own learning strategies, 根据文章B段的内容，可以看到metacognition之后出现了which will include这一内容，因此将之后的内容与题目对应即可，可以看到文中明确出现了并列结构Emotional awareness is also part of metacognition,因此本题答案为emotional awareness。
定位词：impressive grades
D段：Although 'spoon-feeding' can produce extremely high examination results, these are not always followed by equally impressive life successes.
本题问的是教师依赖什么可以获取impressive grades in class tests,因此需要在原文中找到好的考试成绩相关的内容，在文中D段可以看到produce extremely high examination results这一表达，因此可以首先确定答案所在句，然后在句中寻找具体符合题目要求的名词表达，可以看到spoon feeding这种方式会获得好的考试分数，因此本题答案为spoon-feeding。
Read the text below and answer questions 27-40.
Museums of fine art and their public
The fact that people go to the Louvre museum in Paris to see the original painting Mona Lisa when they can see a reproduction anywhere leads us to question some assumptions about the role of museums of fine art in today`s world
Questions 27-31
A. institution
B. mass production
C. mechanical processes
D. public
E. paints
F. artist
G. size
H. underlying ideas
I. basic technology
J. readers
K. picture frames
L. assistants
People go to art museums because they accept the value of seeing an original work of art. But they do not go to museums to read original manuscripts of novels, perhaps because the availability of novels has depended on 27 for so long, and also because with novels, the 28 are the most important thing.
However, in historical times artists such as Leonardo were happy to instruct 29 to produce copies of their work and these days new methods of reproduction allow excellent replication of surface relief features as well as colour and 30 .
It is regrettable that museums still promote the superiority of original works of art, since this may not be in the interests of the 31 .
我的答案： 27. 28. 29. 30. 31.
正确答案： 27.B 28.H 29.L 30.G 31.D
查看解析
题干： But they do not go to museums to read original manuscripts of novels, perhaps because the availability of novels has depended on 27 for so long
定位词： availability of novels、depended on
答案句： 第二段第二句 This might be explained by the fact that the novel has evolved precisely because of technological developments that made it possible to print out huge numbers of texts.
翻译： 这或许可以解释为，小说的发展恰恰是因为技术进步使大量印刷文本成为可能。
解析： 题干问小说的普及依赖于什么。技术进步使大量印刷成为可能，即“mass production”。选项 B 是 mass production。
同义替换：
technological developments that made it possible to print out huge numbers of texts → availability of novels depended on mass production
答案： B
题干： and also because with novels, the 28 are the most important thing.
定位词： with novels、the most important thing
答案句： 第二段最后一句 With novels, the reader attends mainly to the meaning of words rather than the way they are printed on the page.
翻译： 对于小说，读者主要关注词语的意义，而不是它们在页面上的印刷方式。
解析： 题干问小说中最重要的东西是什么。“the meaning of words” 对应选项 H “underlying ideas”。
同义替换：
the meaning of words → underlying ideas
答案： H
题干： However, in historical times artists such as Leonardo were happy to instruct 29 to produce copies of their work
定位词： in historical times、artists such as Leonardo、instruct、to produce copies
答案句： 第三段第二句 The seven surviving versions of Mona Lisa bear witness to the fact that in the 16th century, artists seemed perfectly content to assign the reproduction of their creations to their workshop apprentices as regular ‘bread and butter’ work.
翻译： 现存的七个版本的《蒙娜丽莎》证明了一个事实：在 16 世纪，艺术家们似乎完全满足于把复制他们作品的任务交给工作室的学徒，作为常规的谋生工作。
解析： 题干问艺术家指示谁制作复制品。“assign … to their workshop apprentices” 对应 “instruct assistants”。选项 L 是 assistants。
同义替换：
assign the reproduction to their workshop apprentices → instruct assistants to produce copies
答案： L
题干： and these days new methods of reproduction allow excellent replication of surface relief features as well as colour and 30 .
定位词： new methods of reproduction、allow excellent replication of、surface relief features、colour and
答案句： 第三段最后一句 with reprographic techniques that allow the production of high-quality prints made exactly to the original scale, with faithful colour values, and even with duplication of the surface relief of the painting.
翻译： 有了复制技术，可以制作出与原作比例完全相同、色彩值忠实、甚至能复制画面表面浮雕的高质量印刷品。
解析： 题干问新复制技术可以复制表面浮雕、颜色和什么。“made exactly to the original scale” 对应 “size”。选项 G 是 size。
同义替换：
made exactly to the original scale → replication of size
答案： G
题干： It is regrettable that museums still promote the superiority of original works of art, since this may not be in the interests of the 31 .
定位词： regrettable、museums promote the superiority of original works、not in the interests of
答案句： 最后一段第三、四句 If appropriate works of fine art could be rendered permanently accessible to the public by means of high-fidelity reproductions, as literature and music already are, the public may feel somewhat less in awe of them. Unfortunately, that may be too much to ask from those who seek to maintain and control the art establishment.
翻译： 如果通过高保真复制品能让公众永久接触到合适的美术作品，就像文学和音乐已经做到的那样，公众对它们的敬畏感可能会减少一些。不幸的是，对于那些寻求维护和控制艺术体制的人来说，这个要求可能太高了。
解析： 题干问博物馆推崇原作优越性可能不符合谁的利益。从上下文看，这样做让公众敬畏，不符合公众的利益。选项 D 是 public。
同义替换：
the public may feel somewhat less in awe of them → in the interests of the public
If … the public … → this may not be in the interests of the public
答案： D
Questions 32-35
32 The writer mentions London's National Gallery to illustrate
33 The writer says that today, viewers may be unwilling to criticize a work because
34 According to the writer, the 'displacement effect' on the visitor is caused by
35 The writer says that unlike other forms of art, a painting does not
我的答案： 32. A 33. A 34. A 35. A
正确答案： 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. D
查看解析
译文：作者提到伦敦国家美术馆是为了说明_______。
定位词：London's National Gallery
A一个国家不值得花费如此多成本来维护如巨量的艺术品。
B社会上可能出现的财政和艺术价值之间的冲突。
C博物馆可能存在的关于参观者对自身态度上的负面作用。
D相比大规模的艺术品，更需要关注个体的感受。
本题首先可以通过题目中的London's National Gallery在原文中确定考查区域，之后在这一信息所在的第六段中，分析London's National Gallery出现的目的。通过上下文的分析，可以看到由于艺术品展出的形式以及其价值，参观者会对自身产生负面的感觉,也就是本段最后一句中的"worthlessness"这与C项中的表达一致。因此本题答案为C。
译文：作者说，如今参观者或许不希望评论一件作品是因为
定位词：unwilling to criticize
A他们缺少支持观点所需要的知识。
B他们担心作品有经济意义。
C他们对作品的价值没有真正的概念。
D他们感到自己的个人反应并不重要。
关于参观者不愿意评论作品的原因出现在文章第七段，其中说到Evidently, nothing the viewer thinks about the work is going to alter that value, and so today's viewer is deterred from trying to extend that spontaneous, immediate, self-reliant kind of reading which would originally have met the work, 可见，由于作品的价值很高，人们认为自已的想法和评论不会产生任何影响，因此unwilling to criticise,这与D项的表述一致。因此本题答案为D。
译文：根据作者的观点，参观者的“位移效应”是由_____引起的。
定位词：'displacement effect'
A展出艺术品的种类以及它们被放置的方式。
B不可能长时间观赏特定的艺术作品。
C图画近似的性质以及缺少伟大作品。
D作品不适合被选择进行展出。
题目中的'displacement effect'出现在文章第八段第二句话，本句开头使用This 'displacement effect' is further heightened by这一结构，因此需要在上下文中分析相关的表达，可以看到，这种情况的产生是由于大量的作品在并非为它们创造的环境中同时被展示，选项中A的表述与之一致。因此本题答案为A。
译文：作者说不像其他艺术形式，一幅绘画作品不会。
定位词：unlike other forms of art
A包含与观众的直接接触。
B要求特定的展出地点。
C需要包含其专业性。
D有特定的开始和结束。
关于美术作品与其他艺术形式的差别出现在文章第九段，即A fundamental difference between paintings and other art forms is that there is no prescribed time over which a painting is viewed, 之后又进行了具体的解释，这与D项的表述一致，因此本题答案为D。
Questions 36-40
36 Art history should focus on discovering the meaning of art using a range of media.
37 The approach of art historians conflicts with that of art museums.
38 People should be encouraged to give their opinions openly on works of art.
39 Reproductions of fine art should only be sold to the public if they are of high quality.
40 In the future, those with power are likely to encourage more people to enjoy art.
我的答案： 36. YES 37. YES 38. YES 39. YES 40. YES
正确答案： 36.NOT GIVEN 37.NO 38.YES 39.NOT GIVEN 40.NO
查看解析
参考译文：艺术史应当关注使用各种媒介发现艺术品的意义。
定位词：art history
本题关注的是art history通过a range of media来发现艺术品的意义，在文中的表述中，只在第十段说到艺术史学家使用的方法是一种a specialised academic approach devoted to "discovering the meaning' of art within the cultural context of its time,而并没有出现| art history借助a range of media, 因此本题答案为NOT GIVEN。
定位词：approach, art historians, art museums
本题问的是艺术史学家的方法和艺术博物馆的方法是否矛盾。艺术史学家的方法在文章第十段有明确的表述: Consequently, the dominant critical approach becomes that of the art historian, a specialised academic approach devoted to 'discovering the meaning' of art within the cultural context of is time, 后文接着说: This is in perfect harmony with the museum's function,其中in harmony with意思是“与.......协调、一致”，所以二者是一致的，并非相互矛盾，因此本题答案为NO。
参考译文：应当鼓励人们对艺术作品开放性地给出自己的观点。
定位词：give their opinions
从本文最后几段表达的观点来看，由于art historian和art museum, 人们的spontaneous, participatory criticism受到了限制，而作者认为，人们应当更开放地表达自己的观点，其中第十一段写到The museum public like any other audience, experience art more rewardingly when given the confidence to express their views.这与题目的表达一致，因此本题答案为YES。
参考译文：如果具备很高的品质，艺术品的复制品应当仅仅售卖给人们。
定位词：reproduction of fine art
本题问到是否高品质的复制品只应该售卖给人们，通过对第38题出题位置之后部分的阅读可知，文中并没有表达是否售卖的问题，也就是说作者并没有就这个问题表达明确的观点。 因此本题答案为NOT GIVEN。
参考译文：将来，那些有权势的人很有可能去鼓励更多的人欣赏艺术。
定位词：those with power
本题重点问的是those with power,因此需要找到这类人对于艺术的态度，看他们是否鼓励更多的人欣赏艺术。根据文章最后一段的表述，可以看到实际上那些希望维持和控制艺术的人并没有意愿让更多的人欣赏艺术: If appropriate works of fine art could be rendered permanently accessible to the public by means of high-fidelity reproductions, as literature and music already are, the public may feel somewhat less in awe of them. Unfortunately, that may be too much to ask from those who seek to maintain and control the art establishment.此处Unfortunately起到了转折的作用，之后的表达比较明确地说明了这类人的态度。因此本题答案为NO。
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