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    Listen and answer questions 31-40

    Question 31-40

    Complete the notes below.

    Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer.

    Early history of keeping clean


    Prehistoric times:

    ●   water was used to wash off

    Ancient Babylon

    ●   soap-like material found in  cylinders


    Ancient Greece:

    ●   people cleaned themselves with sand and other substances

    ●   used a strigil – scraper made of 

    ●   washed clothes in streams

    Ancient Germany and Gaul:

    ●   used soap to colour their 


    Ancient Rome:

    ●   animal fat, ashes and clay mixed through action of rain, used for washing clothes

    ●   from about 312 BC, water carried to Roman  by aqueducts

    Europe in Middle Ages:

    ●   decline in bathing contributed to occurrence of 

    ●    began to be added to soap


    Europe from 17th century:

    ●   1600s: cleanliness and bathing started becoming usual

    ●   1791: Leblanc invented a way of making soda ash from 

    ●   early 1800s: Chevreul turned soapmaking into a 

    ●   from 1800s, there was no longer a  on soap.