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第一段
1 .TUTOR: Thanks for coming along, Nadia and Fergus. So this is a chance for you to give us some feedback about different aspects of your course. What would you like to begin with?
导师：谢谢你们过来，纳迪亚、弗格斯。这次是想让你们就课程的各个方面给些反馈。想从哪儿开始聊？
2 .NADIA: I’ve enjoyed the sessions on food safety. There was some information there that I found really surprising, although some was stuff I knew already, like the rise in rates of obesity.
纳迪亚：我挺喜欢食品安全那几节课的。有些内容让我特别惊讶，不过也有一些是我本来就知道了的，比如肥胖率的上升。
3 .FERGUS: Yeah, that’s been in the news a lot. But I hadn’t realised that unsafe food causes more than 200 different diseases.
弗格斯：对，这个新闻里老报道。但我之前真没想到，不安全的食品竟然能引发两百多种疾病。
4 .NADIA: No, I’d no idea it was that many. And speaking of diseases, I knew resistance to antibiotics is on the increase, but I didn’t know why...
纳迪亚：是啊，我也不知道有那么多。说到疾病，我知道抗生素耐药性在上升，但以前不清楚原因……
5 .FERGUS: ...that it’s partly because when animals are treated with antibiotics then consumed by humans, the antibiotics get into the food chain. I had no idea about that either.
弗格斯：……部分原因是因为给牲畜用了抗生素之后，人再吃这些牲畜，抗生素就进入了食物链。这我也完全没想到。
6 .NADIA: Then the sessions provided a lot of information about plastic pollution from food packaging in the ocean, but I think that most of us were already aware of that.
纳迪亚：然后那几节课还讲了很多关于食品包装造成的海洋塑料污染，不过我觉得这个大多数人早就知道了。
7 .FERGUS: Yeah. But I thought we could have done more on how much food is thrown away unnecessarily through fear of it being out of date, that was only mentioned in passing.
弗格斯：对。但我觉得，关于有多少食物只是因为担心过期就被白白扔掉这件事，我们本可以多讲讲的，课上只是一带而过。
8 .TUTOR: OK, I’ll bear that in mind. What did you think about the sessions from visiting lecturers, Fergus?
导师：好的，我记下了。弗格斯，你觉得那些外请讲师上的课怎么样？
9 .FERGUS: For me the most interesting one was about that project to prevent companies giving incorrect information to consumers about food.
弗格斯：对我来说最有意思的，是那个关于防止公司在食品问题上向消费者传递不实信息的项目。
10 .TUTOR: Ah, food fraud, yes.
导师：啊，食品欺诈，对。
11 .FERGUS: I thought it was really good to address a problem that’s faced by so many different groups – people with special religious rules, as well as vegetarians and vegans.
弗格斯：我觉得能去探讨一个让这么多不同群体都头疼的问题，真的特别好——有特殊宗教饮食规矩的人，还有素食者和严格素食者。
12 .NADIA: And those with allergies.
纳迪亚：还有那些有过敏症状的人。
13 .FERGUS: Yeah. And another thing, we’ve had effective ways of analysing DNA for some time now and these can easily be applied to analysing food. But what the researchers succeeded in doing was to ensure that these tests were carried out at different stages in the food’s journey from the producer to the consumer.
弗格斯：没错。还有一件事，我们掌握有效的DNA分析方法已经有段时间了，这些技术很容易就能用在食品分析上。但那些研究人员真正做成的是，确保这些检测能够在食品从生产者到消费者的流通过程中，在各个不同阶段都进行。
14 .NADIA: So they knew that the food actually came from the place it was supposed to, and had the ingredients it was meant to.
纳迪亚：所以他们就能确认，食物的确来自它该来的地方，成分也确实和它标称的一样。
15 .FERGUS: Exactly. So customers can be confident about what they buy.
弗格斯：完全正确。这样消费者就能对自己买的东西放心了。
16 .NADIA: And the researchers had a good system for publicising their findings too.
纳迪亚：而且那些研究人员在宣传自己研究成果方面，也有一套很好的机制。
17 .FERGUS: Well, I thought there were some problems with that, actually.
弗格斯：嗯，其实我觉得这方面是存在一些问题的。
18 .TUTOR: OK. And do you have any recommendations for new topics that we could include in the course?
导师：好的。那对于我们课程可以加入哪些新话题，你们有什么建议吗？
19 .NADIA: Well, I’m interested in how crop yields can be increased without damaging the environment.
纳迪亚：嗯，我对如何在不破坏环境的前提下提高农作物产量挺感兴趣的。
20 .FERGUS: But we’ve already done quite a bit on that – but not so much on the seafood industry, where stocks are in danger of being overexploited as a food source unless we can find ways of keeping stocks up.
弗格斯：但这个我们已经讲了不少了啊——倒是海产品行业讲得不多，如果我们找不到维持鱼类种群数量的办法，它们作为一种食物来源就面临被过度开发的危险。
21 .NADIA: Yes, that’d be a good topic. And I’m interested in the idea of a personalised approach to diet, now we have the technology to analyse exactly what individuals need.
纳迪亚：对，这会是个好话题。而且我对个性化饮食这个想法也挺感兴趣的，毕竟我们现在有技术能精确分析每个人的具体需求了。
22 .FERGUS: That sounds more like a medical topic than food science.
弗格斯：这听着更像是个医学话题，不像是食品科学了。
23 .NADIA: OK. What about sessions on the variety of food and eating habits around the world? That’s very relevant nowadays.
纳迪亚：好吧。那开一些关于世界各地不同食物和饮食习惯的课怎么样？这在当今就非常应景了。
24 .FERGUS: Yes, I think the whole class would be interested in that.
弗格斯：对，我觉得全班同学都会对这个感兴趣。
25 .NADIA: Then there’s technological stuff, things like 3D printing of food and smart packaging.
纳迪亚：还有一些技术方面的东西，比如食品的3D打印，还有智能包装这些。
26 .FERGUS: Mmm – maybe too specialist.
弗格斯：嗯……可能太专业了点。
27 .TUTOR: Now, I’m particularly interested in your project – the one where you developed a new food product. So talk me through the stages... first you had to decide on your initial aim.
导师：好了，我对你们的项目特别感兴趣——就是你们研发一款新食品的那个。来跟我说说各个阶段吧……首先你们得确定最初的目标。
28 .FERGUS: We decided we wanted to create something people could eat on the go rather than in a restaurant.
弗格斯：我们决定要做一款大家能方便拿着边走边吃的东西，而不是非得在餐厅里坐下来吃的那种。
29 .NADIA: Yeah so we chose falafel, which was originally a Middle Eastern snack.
纳迪亚：对，所以我们选了法拉费，这原本是一种中东小吃。
30 .FERGUS: We made up our minds about that pretty quickly. I know some students found it a lot harder to choose, and wasted a lot of time.
弗格斯：我们很快就定下来这个了。我知道有些同学选题目要费劲得多，浪费了不少时间。
31 .NADIA: Then we had to do the literature review. We hadn’t done one of these before so the handout with advice for the project was very useful here.
纳迪亚：然后我们得做文献综述。我们之前从来没写过这种东西，所以项目配的那份建议讲义在这时候就特别管用。
32 .FERGUS: Yes, especially the advice on how to present the information. Then product development, actually deciding what we’d use to make the falafel, and for me the interesting thing about that was that we wanted it to be something a bit different from an ordinary falafel.
弗格斯：没错，尤其是关于怎么呈现信息的那些建议。接下来是产品开发，实际确定用什么来做法拉费，对我来说这中间有意思的地方在于，我们想做得跟普通的法拉费有点不一样。
33 .NADIA: We really made the right choice when we finally decided to use jackfruit, even though it wasn’t something that either of us had ever tasted before.
纳迪亚：我们最后决定用菠萝蜜，这真是个正确的选择，尽管我们俩之前都没尝过它是什么味道。
34 .FERGUS: Yeah, like the name tells you, it’s a fruit but actually it’s really good in savoury dishes. The product production, working out how to make the falafel, was harder than I expected because I’d never made them before.
弗格斯：是啊，就像名字告诉你的，它是一种水果，但实际上拿来做咸味的菜真的特别好吃。到了产品制作那一步，琢磨怎么把法拉费做出来，比我想象的要难，因为我以前从来没做过。
35 .NADIA: It was mostly trial and error. We started off with the basic recipe and then experimented and when it went wrong... FERGUS: ...which it did a lot of the time...
纳迪亚：基本上是反复尝试、不断摸索。我们从基础配方开始，然后做实验，要是搞砸了……弗格斯：……经常搞砸……
36 .NADIA: ...we just moved on and kept adapting it and in the end it turned out fine and we had a lot of fun. FERGUS: We did! TUTOR: Thank you. Well, your project was a very good ....
纳迪亚：……我们就继续往前推进，不停地调整配方，最后结果挺不错的，而且我们玩得也很开心。 弗格斯：确实！ 导师：谢谢你们。嗯，你们的项目是一个非常……