考满分IELTS: 剑雅听力10Test3Section4

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Listen and answer questions 31-40

Question 31-35

Complete the table below:

                    'Self-regulatory focus theory' and leadership


Self-regulatory focus theory


People's focus is to approach pleasure or avoid pain

Promotion goals focus on

Prevention goals emphasise avoiding punishment


Factors that affect people's focus


The Chronic Factor

  • comes from one's  The  Factor

  • we are more likely to focus on promotion goals when with a 

  • we are more likely to focus on prevention goals with our boss


How people's focus affects them


Promotion Focus:People think about an ideal version of themselves,their  and their gains.

Prevention Focus:People think about their'ought'self and their obligations


Question 36-40

Complete the table below:

                    'Self-regulatory focus theory' and leadership


Leaders


Leadership behaviour and affects people's focus


Transformational Leaders:

  • pay special attention to the  of their followers

  • passionately communicate a clear 

  • inspire promotion focus in followers


Transactional Leaders:

  • create  to make expectations clear

  • emphasise the results of a mistake

  • inspire prevention focus in followers


Conclusion


Promotion Focus is good for jobs requiring 

Prevention Focus is good for work such as a surgeon

Leaders'actions affect which focus people use