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第一段
1 .OK Rosie, shall we try to get some ideas together for our presentation on diet and obesity?
好的罗西，我们可以试着为我们关于饮食和肥胖的演讲整理一些思路吗？
2 .Sure.
当然。
3 .I can talk about the experiment I did to see if people can tell the difference between real sugar and artificial sweeteners.
我可以谈谈我做的实验，看看人们是否能分辨出真正的糖和人造甜味剂。
4 .Where you gave people drinks with either sugar or artificial sweeteners and they had to say which they thought it was?
你给人们喝含糖或人造甜味剂的饮料，他们必须说出他们认为是哪种？
5 .Yeah. It took me ages to decide exactly how I’d organise it, especially how I could make sure that people didn’t know which drink I was giving them.
是的。我花了很长时间来决定我该如何组织它，尤其是我如何确保人们不知道我给他们喝的是哪种饮料。
6 .It was hard to keep track of it all, especially as I had so many people doing it – I had to make sure I kept a proper record of what each person had had.
很难把这一切都记录下来，尤其是因为我有这么多人在做这件事——我必须确保我对每个人都做了正确的记录。
7 .So could most people tell the difference?
那么大多数人能分辨出来吗？
8 .Yeah – I hadn’t thought they would be able to, but most people could.
是啊——我没想到他们可以，但大多数人都可以。
9 .Then there’s that experiment I did measuring the fat content of nuts, to see if the nutritional information given on the packet was accurate.
然后是我做的那个测量坚果脂肪含量的实验，看看包装上给出的营养信息是否准确。
10 .The one where you ground up the nuts and mixed them with a chemical to absorb the fat?
就是你把坚果磨碎，和化学物质混合来吸收脂肪的那个？
11 .Yes. My results were a bit problematic – the fat content for that type of nut seemed much lower than it said on the package.But I reckon the package information was right.
是的。我的结果有点问题——那种坚果的脂肪含量似乎比包装上说的要低很多。但我认为包裹信息是对的。
12 .I think I should probably have ground up the nuts more than I did.It’s possible that the scales for weighing the fat weren’t accurate enough, too. I’d really like to try the experiment again some time.
我想，比起我已经做的，我可能应该多磨碎一些坚果。有可能称脂肪的秤也不够准确。我真的很想找个时间再试试这个实验。
13 .So what can we say about helping people to lose weight?There’s a lot we could say about what restaurants could do to reduce obesity.
那么关于帮助人们减肥我们能说什么呢？关于餐馆可以做什么来减少肥胖，我们可以说很多。
14 .I read that the items at the start of a menu and the items at the end of a menu are much more likely to be chosen than the items in the middle.
我读到菜单开头的项目和菜单末尾的项目比中间的项目更容易被选择。
15 .So, if you put the low-calorie items at the beginning and end of the menu, people will probably go for the food with fewer calories, without even realising what they’re doing.
所以，如果你把低热量的食物放在菜单的开头和结尾，人们可能会去吃热量更低的食物，甚至都没有意识到自己在做什么。
16 .I think food manufacturers could do more to encourage healthy eating.
我认为食品制造商可以做更多的事情来鼓励健康饮食。
17 .How?
怎么做到的？
18 .Well, when manufacturers put calorie counts of a food on the label, they’re sometimes really confusing and I suspect they do it on purpose.
嗯，当制造商在标签上标注一种食物的卡路里数时，他们有时真的很困惑，我怀疑他们是故意的。
19 .Because food that’s high in calories tastes better, and so they’ll sell more.
因为高热量的食物味道更好，所以他们会卖得更多。
20 .Yeah, so if you look at the amount of calories in a pizza, they’ll give you the calories per quarter pizza and you think, oh that’s not too bad.
如果你看一份披萨所含的卡路里，他们会给出每四分之一份披萨所含的卡路里，你会想，哦，这还不错。
21 .But who’s going to eat a quarter pizza?
但是谁来吃四分之一披萨？
22 .Exactly.
没错。
23 .I suppose another approach to this problem is to get people to exercise more.
我认为解决这个问题的另一个方法是让人们多锻炼。
24 .Right. In England, the current guidelines are for at least 30 minutes of brisk walking, five days a week.
对。在英国，目前的指导方针是每周五天，每次快走至少30分钟。
25 .Now when you ask them, about 40% of men and 30% of women say they do this, but when you objectively measure the amount of walking they do with motion sensors, you find that only 6% of men and 4% of women do the recommended amount of exercise.
现在当你问他们时，大约40%的男性和30%的女性说他们这样做了，但是当你客观地测量他们用运动传感器做的行走量时，你会发现只有6%的男性和4%的女性做了推荐的运动量。
26 .Mm, so you can see why obesity is growing.
嗯，所以你可以看到为什么肥胖在增长。
27 .So how can people be encouraged to take more exercise?
那么怎样才能鼓励人们多锻炼呢？
28 .Well, for example, think of the location of stairs in a train station.
嗯，举个例子，想想火车站里楼梯的位置。
29 .If people reach the stairs before they reach the escalator when they’re leaving the station, they’re more likely to take the stairs.And if you increase the width of the stairs, you’ll get more people using them at the same time.
如果人们在出站时到达扶梯之前到达楼梯，他们更有可能走楼梯。而且如果你增加楼梯的宽度，你会让更多的人同时使用它们。
30 .It’s an unconscious process and influenced by minor modifications in their environment.
这是一个无意识的过程，受他们所处环境的微小改变的影响。
31 .Right. And it might not be a big change, but if it happens every day, it all adds up.
对。而且这可能不是一个很大的变化，但如果每天都发生，这一切加在一起。
32 .Yes. But actually, I’m not sure if we should be talking about exercise in our presentation.
是的。但实际上，我不确定我们是否应该在演讲中谈论锻炼。
33 .Well, we’ve done quite a bit of reading about it.
嗯，我们已经读了很多关于它的书。
34 .I know, but it’s going to mean we have a very wide focus, and our tutor did say that we need to focus on causes and solutions in terms of nutrition.
我知道，但这将意味着我们有一个非常广泛的关注点，我们的导师确实说过我们需要关注营养方面的原因和解决方法。
35 .I suppose so. And we’ve got plenty of information about that.
我想是的。关于这一点，我们已经有了大量的信息。
36 .OK, well that will be simpler.
好的，那就简单多了。
37 .So what shall we do now? We’ve still got half an hour before our next lecture.
那我们现在怎么办？离我们下节课还有半个小时。
38 .Let’s think about what we’re going to include and what will go where.Then we can decide what slides we need.
让我们想想内容要包括什么，以及内容会在哪里。然后我们可以决定我们需要什么幻灯片。
39 .OK, fine.
好的，很好。