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第一段
1 .For my presentation today I want to tell you about how groups of elephants have been moved and settled in new reserves.
今天我要在我的演讲中告诉大家关于如何将一群大象转移到新的保护区并安顿下来。
2 .This is known as translocation and has been carried out in Malawi in Africa in recent years.
这被称为迁移，近年来在非洲的马拉维进行了这项工作。
3 .The reason this is being done is because of overpopulation of elephants in some areas.
之所以这样做，是因为一些地区大象的过度繁殖问题。
4 .Overpopulation is a good problem to have and not one we tend to hear about very often.
过度繁殖是一个好问题，而且我们很少听到这样的问题。
5 .In Malawi’s Majete National Park the elephant population had been wiped out by poachers, who killed the elephants for their ivory.
在马拉维的马杰特国家公园，大象种群曾经被偷猎者彻底消灭，这些偷猎者为了象牙而杀害大象。
6 .But in 2003, the park was restocked and effective law enforcement was introduced.
但在2003年，该公园得到了重新补充种群，有效的执法措施也得以引入。
7 .Since then, not a single elephant has been poached.
从那时起，没有一只大象被偷猎。
8 .In this safe environment, the elephant population boomed.
在这个安全的环境中，大象种群迅速增长。
9 .Breeding went so well that there were more elephants than the park could support.
繁殖非常成功，以至于公园里的大象数量超过了公园所能承载的上限。
10 .This led to a number of problems.
这导致了一些问题。
11 .Firstly, there was more competition for food, which meant that some elephants were suffering from hunger.
首先，食物的竞争加剧，这意味着一些大象面临饥饿。
12 .As there was a limit to the amount of food in the national park, some elephants began looking further afield.
由于国家公园的食物供应有限，一些大象开始四处寻找食物。
13 .Elephants were routinely knocking down fences around the park, which then had to be repaired at a significant cost.
大象经常撞倒围绕公园的围栏，这就不得不以巨大的成本进行修复。
14 .To solve this problem, the decision was made to move dozens of elephants from Majete National Park to Nkhotakota Wildlife Park, where there were no elephants.
为了解决这个问题，决定将大量的大象从马杰特国家公园转移到恩科塔科塔野生动物公园，那里没有大象。
15 .But, obviously, attempting to move significant numbers of elephants to a new home 300 kilometres away is quite a challenge.
但是，显然，试图将大量的大象迁移到距离300公里远的新家是一个相当大的挑战。
第二段
1 .So how did this translocation process work in practice?
那么这个迁移过程是如何实际进行的呢？
2 .Elephants were moved in groups of between eight and twenty, all belonging to one family.
大象以八到二十只为一组进行转移，它们都属于同一个家族。
3 .Because relationships are very important to elephants, they all had to be moved at the same time.
由于群体关系对大象非常重要，它们必须同时转移。
4 .A team of vets and park rangers flew over the park in helicopters and targeted a group, which were rounded up and directed to a designated open plain.
一队兽医和公园护林员乘坐直升机飞越公园，并选择一群大象，将它们围捕并引导到指定的开阔地。
5 .The vets then used darts to immobilise the elephants – this was a tricky manoeuvre, as they not only had to select the right dose of tranquiliser for different-sized elephants but they had to dart the elephants as they were running around.
然后，兽医使用镇定剂注射针来使大象昏迷 - 这是一个棘手的操作，因为他们不仅需要选择不同体型大象的正确镇静剂剂量，还必须在大象奔跑时注射。
6 .This also had to be done as quickly as possible so as to minimise the stress caused.
这也必须尽快完成，以尽量减少造成的压力。
7 .As soon as the elephants began to flop onto the ground, the team moved in to take care of them.
当大象开始倒下时，团队立即进入并照料它们。
8 .To avoid the risk of suffocation, the team had to make sure none of the elephants were lying on their chests because their lungs could be crushed in this position.
为了避免窒息的风险，团队必须确保没有一只大象仰卧在胸部，因为这个姿势可能会压迫它们的肺部。
9 .So all the elephants had to be placed on their sides.
所以所有的大象都必须侧躺。
10 .One person stayed with each elephant while they waited for the vets to do checks.
每只大象都有一个人陪伴，等待兽医进行检查。
11 .It was very important to keep an eye on their breathing – if there were fewer than six breaths per minute, the elephant would need urgent medical attention.
密切观察它们的呼吸非常重要 - 如果每分钟呼吸少于六次，大象将需要紧急医疗救治。
12 .Collars were fitted to the matriarch in each group so their movements could be tracked in their new home.
在每个组的首领大象身上安装了颈圈，以便在它们的新家中跟踪它们的活动。
13 .Measurements were taken of each elephant’s tusks – elephants with large tusks would be at greater risk from poachers – and also of their feet.
还测量了每只大象的象牙长度 - 长牙的大象更容易受到偷猎者的威胁 - 以及它们的脚的尺寸。
14 .The elephants were then taken to a recovery area before being loaded onto trucks and transported to their new home.
然后将大象带到恢复区域，然后装载到卡车上，运输到它们的新家。
15 .The elephants translocated to Nkhotakota settled in very well and the project has generally been accepted to have been a huge success – and not just for the elephants.
迁移到恩科塔科塔的大象适应得非常好，这个项目被普遍认为是一个巨大的成功 - 不仅仅是对大象来说。
16 .Employment prospects have improved enormously, contributing to rising living standards for the whole community
就业前景有了很大的改善，为整个社区的生活水平提供了贡献。
17 .Poaching is no longer an issue, as former poachers are able to find more reliable sources of income.
偷猎不再是问题，因为以前的偷猎者能够找到更可靠的收入来源。
18 .In fact, many of them volunteered to give up their weapons, as they were no longer of any use to them.
事实上，他们中的许多人自愿放弃了武器，因为武器对他们已经没有任何用处。
19 .More than two dozen elephants have been born at Nkhotakota since relocation.
迁移后，恩科塔科塔已经诞生了二十多只大象。
20 .With an area of more than 1,800 square kilometres, there’s plenty of space for the elephant population to continue to grow.
占地超过1,800平方公里，对于大象种群继续增长来说有足够的空间。
21 .Their presence is also helping to rebalance Nkhotakota’s damaged ecosystem and providing a sustainable conservation model, which could be replicated in other parks.
它们的存在还有助于恢复恩科塔科塔受损的生态系统，并提供一个可持续的保护模式，这种模式可以在其他公园复制。
22 .All this has been a big draw for tourism, which contributes five times more than the illegal wildlife trade to GDP, and this is mainly because of the elephants.
所有这些对旅游业来说是一个巨大的吸引力，对国内生产总值的贡献是非法野生动物贸易的五倍，而这主要是因为大象。
23 .There’s also been a dramatic rise in interest …
对此也产生了极大的兴趣...