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第一段
1 .Ancient philosophy is not just about talking or lecturing, or even reading long, dense books.
古代哲学不仅仅是谈论或讲课，甚至是阅读又长又密的书籍。
2 .In fact, it is something people have used throughout history – to solve their problems and to achieve their greatest triumphs.
事实上，它是人们在历史上一直使用的东西——用来解决他们的问题，取得他们最大的胜利。
3 .Specifically, I am referring to Stoicism, which, in my opinion, is the most practical of all philosophies and therefore the most appealing.
具体来说，我指的是斯多葛主义，在我看来，它是所有哲学中最实用的，因此也是最有吸引力的。
4 .Stoicism was founded in Ancient Greece by Zeno of Citium in the early 3rd century BC, but was practised by the likes of Epictetus, Cato, Seneca and Marcus Aurelius.
斯多葛主义是公元前3世纪初由 Citium 的芝诺在古希腊创立的，但是被比克泰德、卡托、塞内卡和马可·奥勒留等信仰的人所信奉。
5 .Amazingly, we still have access to these ideas, despite the fact that the most famous Stoics never wrote anything down for publication.
惊讶的是，我们仍然可以接触到这些想法，尽管最著名的斯多葛学派从来没有写下任何东西出版。
6 .Cato definitely didn’t. Marcus Aurelius never intended his Meditations to be anything but personal.
卡托绝对没有。马可·奥勒留从来没有想过他自己的冥想以个人使用以外的形式呈现。
7 .Seneca’s letters were, well, letters and Epictetus’ thoughts come to us by way of a note-taking student.
塞内卡的信件是，嗯，信件和爱比克泰德的想法是通过一个记笔记的学生来告诉我们的。
8 .Stoic principles were based on the idea that its followers could have an unshakable happiness in this life and the key to achieving this was virtue.
斯多葛学派的原则是基于这样一个理念，即它的追随者在此生可以拥有不可动摇的幸福，而实现这一点的关键是美德。
9 .The road to virtue, in turn, lay in understanding that destructive emotions, like anger and jealousy, are under our conscious control – they don’t have to control us, because we can learn to control them.
通往美德的道路反过来在于理解破坏性的情绪，比如愤怒和嫉妒，都在我们的意识控制之下——它们不必控制我们，因为我们可以学会控制它们。
10 .In the words of Epictetus: “external events I cannot control, but the choices I make with regard to them, I do control”.
用爱比克泰德的话来说:“外部事件我无法控制，但我对它们做出的选择我可以控制”。
11 .The modern day philosopher and writer Nassim Nicholas Taleb defines a Stoic as someone who has a different perspective on experiences which most of us would see as wholly negative; a Stoic “transforms fear into caution, pain into transformation, mistakes into initiation and desire into undertaking”.
现代哲学家和作家纳西姆·尼古拉斯·塔勒布将斯多葛派定义为对我们大多数人会认为完全负面的经历有不同看法的人；斯多葛派的人“把恐惧转变为谨慎，把痛苦转变为转变，把错误转变为开始，把愿望转变为承担”。
12 .Using this definition as a model, we can see that throughout the centuries Stoicism has been practised in more recent history by kings, presidents, artists, writers and entrepreneurs.
以这个定义为模型，我们可以看到几个世纪以来，国王、总统、艺术家、作家和企业家都在实践斯多葛主义。
13 .The founding fathers of the United States were inspired by the philosophy. George Washington was introduced to Stoicism by his neighbours at age seventeen,
美国的开国元勋们受到了这种哲学的启发。乔治·华盛顿十七岁时被邻居们引入斯多葛主义，
14 .and later, put on a play
后来，他上演了一出戏
15 .based on the life of Cato to inspire his men.
以卡托生平为蓝本,来激励他的手下。
16 .Thomas Jefferson kept a copy of Seneca beside his bed. Writers and artists have also been inspired by the stoics.
托马斯杰弗逊在床边放了一本塞内卡。作家和艺术家也受到斯多葛派的启发。
17 .Eugène Delacroix, the renowned French Romantic artist (known best for his painting Liberty Leading the People) was an ardent Stoic, referring to it as his “consoling religion”.
著名的法国浪漫主义艺术家欧仁·德拉克罗瓦(以绘画《自由领导人民》而闻名)是一位热情的斯多葛派艺术家，称之为他的“慰藉宗教”。
18 .The economist Adam Smith’s theories on capitalism were significantly influenced by the Stoicism that he studied as a schoolboy, under a teacher who had translated Marcus Aurelius’ works.
经济学家亚当·斯密关于资本主义的理论受到了他上学时在翻译马可·奥勒留著作的老师指导下学习的斯多葛主义的显著影响。
19 .Today’s political leaders are no different, with many finding their inspiration from the ancient texts.
今天的政治领导人也没有什么不同，许多人都是从古代文献中找到灵感的。
20 .Former US president Bill Clinton rereads Marcus Aurelius every single year, and many have compared former President Obama’s calm leadership style to that of Cato.
前总统比尔·克林顿每年都会重读马可·奥勒留的作品，许多人将前总统奥巴马平静的领导风格与卡托的相比。
21 .Wen Jiabao, the former prime minister of China, claims that Meditations is one of two books he travels with and that he has read it more than one hundred times over the course of his life.
中国前总理温家宝声称，《冥想》是他随身携带的两本书之一，在他的一生中，他已经读了一百多遍。
22 .Stoicism had a profound influence on Albert Ellis, who invented Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, which is used to help people manage their problems by changing the way that they think and behave.
斯多葛主义对阿尔伯特·艾利斯有着深远的影响，他发明了认知行为疗法，通过改变人们的思维和行为方式来帮助人们处理问题。
23 .It’s most commonly used to treat depression.The idea is that we can take control of our lives by challenging the irrational beliefs that create our faulty thinking, symptoms and behaviours by using logic instead.
它最常用于治疗抑郁症。这个想法是我们可以通过挑战非理性的信念来控制我们的生活，这些非理性的信念通过使用逻辑来代替产生我们错误的思维、症状和行为。
24 .Stoicism has also become popular in the world of business. Stoic principles can build the resilience and state of mind required to overcome setbacks because Stoics teach turning obstacles into opportunity.
斯多葛主义在商界也很受欢迎。斯多葛学派的原则可以建立克服挫折所需的韧性和心态，因为斯多葛学派教导将障碍转化为机遇。
25 .A lesson every business entrepreneur needs to learn.
每个商业企业家都需要学习的一课。
26 .I would argue that studying Stoicism is as relevant today as it was 2,000 years ago, thanks to its brilliant insights into how to lead a good life.
我认为学习斯多葛主义与2000年前一样重要，这要归功于它对如何过上好生活的精辟见解。
27 .At the very root of the thinking, there is a very simple way of living – control what you can and accept what you can’t.
在思维的最根本，有一种非常简单的生活方式——控制你能做的，接受你不能做的。
28 .This is not as easy as it sounds and will require considerable practice – it can take a lifetime to master.
这并不像听起来那么容易，需要大量的练习——可能需要一辈子才能掌握。
29 .The Stoics also believed the most important foundation for a good and happy life is not money, fame, power or pleasure, but having a disciplined and principled character – something which seems to resonate with many people today.
斯多葛学派还认为，美好幸福的生活最重要的基础不是金钱、名誉、权力或快乐，而是有纪律和有原则的性格——这一点今天似乎引起了很多人的共鸣。